CBSE Class 12th Exam Pattern 2025: The CBSE (Central Board of Secondary Education) has made changes to the exam format for the 12th grade in 2025. These changes were announced in April 2024. The exams for CBSE Class 12 in 2025 will be held using pen and paper, as usual, and will take place between February and April 2025.
In the latest curriculum details provided by the Board for the upcoming exams, CBSE mentioned that the question papers will focus more on testing students' competencies. Additionally, there will be a decrease of 10 percent in the number of constructed response questions compared to the previous year.
CBSE Class 12th Exam Pattern 2025: Latest Update
The CBSE Class 12th Exam Pattern 2025 has been updated to align with the National Education Policy of 2020. Here are the main points:
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Each subject is marked out of 100, including both theory and practical components.
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Theory exams will last for 3 hours.
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Exams can be taken in either English or Hindi.
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Exams will be conducted offline.
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Students can choose to study either 5 or 6 subjects.
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To pass each subject, students need to achieve a minimum of 33%.
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The overall passing percentage is also set at 33% aggregate.
Marks Allocation
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For subjects like Accountancy, Business Studies, and Economics, 80 marks are for theory, with an additional 20 marks for project work.
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In Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, 70 marks are allocated to theory, and 30 marks are designated for practical exams.
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Mathematics exams consist of 80 marks for the written exam and 20 marks for internal assessment.
Question Paper Structure
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Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) contribute 20% of the total marks.
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Competency-based questions, such as case-based and source-based questions, have been increased from 40% to 50%.
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Constructed response questions, including short and long answer questions, have been reduced from 40% to 30%.
This updated pattern aims to enhance students' application skills and raise the difficulty level of CBSE Class 12 Exams 2025.
CBSE Class 12th Exam Pattern 2025: Latest Update |
|
Particulars |
Details |
Conducting Body |
Central Board of Secondary Education |
Question Paper Pattern |
|
Duration |
3 hours |
Mode |
Offline |
Number of subjects |
5 or 6 (as elected by the student) |
Maximum Marks |
100 (theory + practical)
|
Passing marks for each subject |
33% |
Passing marks for the overall exam |
Aggregate 33% |
Subject-wise Marking Scheme for Class 12 CBSE 2024
CBSE, which is the board for class 12 exams in India, made some important changes to how exams are done because of the National Education Policy 2020. One of these changes is that students in class 12 will have their exams two times in a year now. Also, CBSE plans to include more questions that test practical skills in the exams starting from the year 2025.
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In CBSE class 12 exams, each subject is worth 100 marks. The final result depends on both the theory and practical exam scores. Practical exams are done inside the school and are worth 20 marks. To pass, students need to get at least 33% marks in each subject and overall.
The examination structure and grading system for CBSE Class 12th 2024 are outlined in the tables below for all subjects.
Subject |
Total Marks |
Internal Assessment |
Theory Marks |
Part A Marks |
Part B Marks |
Mathematics |
80 |
20 |
80 |
20 |
60 |
Physics |
70 |
30 |
70 |
35 |
35 |
Chemistry |
70 |
30 |
70 |
35 |
35 |
Biology |
70 |
30 |
70 |
35 |
35 |
Accountancy |
80 |
20 |
80 |
40 |
40 |
Economics |
80 |
20 |
80 |
40 |
40 |
English Core |
80 |
20 |
80 |
40 |
40 |
Political Science |
80 |
20 |
80 |
40 |
40 |
CBSE Class 12th Maths Exam Pattern 2025
The CBSE Class 12 Mathematics Exam Pattern for 2025 includes a total of 100 marks, with 80 marks allocated for the theory exam and 20 marks for internal assessment. The chapter-wise exam pattern and marking scheme for Mathematics are as follows:
CBSE Class 12th Maths Exam Pattern 2025 |
|
Exam Component |
Marks Allocation |
Theory Exam |
80 marks |
Internal Assessment |
20 marks |
Chapter-wise Marks Allocation: |
|
Relations & Functions |
08 marks |
Calculus |
35 marks |
Algebra |
10 marks |
Vectors & 3-D Geometry |
14 marks |
Linear Programming |
05 marks |
Probability |
08 marks |
Total Marks: |
100 marks |
Exam Duration: |
3 hours |
CBSE Class 12th Science Exam Pattern 2025
The CBSE Class 12th Science Exam Pattern for 2025 has undergone some changes. The theoretical exam for Physics is worth 70 marks and lasts for three hours, while the practical exam is worth 30 marks.
The exam pattern is designed to test students' critical thinking and problem-solving abilities, going beyond theoretical knowledge to assess their personal growth and essential skills like discipline, focus, organization, time management, and working under pressure.
CBSE Class 12th Physics Exam Pattern 2025
The Physics exam consists of a theoretical part worth 70 marks and a practical part worth 30 marks. The chapter-wise exam pattern and marking scheme for Physics are as follows:
CBSE Class 12th Physics Exam Pattern 2025 |
|
Topics |
Marks |
Unit 1: Electrostatics & Unit 2: Current Electricity |
16 |
Unit 3: Magnetic Effects of Current & Magnetism Unit 4: Electromagnetic Induction & Alternating Currents |
17 |
Unit 5: Electromagnetic Waves Unit 6: Optics |
18 |
Unit 7: Dual Nature of Radiation & Matter Unit 8: Atoms & Nuclei |
12 |
Unit 9: Electronic Devices |
7 |
Practicals |
30 |
2 experiments 1 from each section |
7+7 |
Practical record |
5 |
1 activity from any section |
3 |
Investigatory project |
3 |
Viva |
5 |
CBSE Class 12th Chemistry Exam Pattern 2025
The Chemistry exam also consists of a theoretical part worth 70 marks and a practical part worth 30 marks. The chapter-wise exam pattern and marking scheme for Chemistry are as follows:
CBSE Class 12th Chemistry Exam Pattern 2025 |
|
Topics |
Marks |
Solutions |
7 |
Electrochemistry |
9 |
Chemical Kinetics |
7 |
d -and f- block elements |
7 |
Coordination Compounds |
7 |
Haloalkaline s & Haloarnes |
6 |
Alcohol, Phenols & Ethers |
6 |
Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids |
8 |
Amines |
6 |
Biomolecules |
7 |
Practicals |
30 |
Volumetric Analysis |
8 |
Salt Analysis |
8 |
Content-Based Experiment |
6 |
Project |
4 |
Class record & viva |
4 |
CBSE Class 12th Biology Exam Pattern 2025
The Biology exam pattern is similar, with a theoretical part worth 70 marks and a practical part worth 30 marks.
CBSE Class 12th Biology Exam Pattern 2025 |
||
Exam Component |
Marks Allocation |
Details |
Theory Exam |
70 Marks |
|
Practical Exam |
30 Marks |
|
Total Duration: |
3 hours |
(Both Theory and Practical Exams) |
Total Questions: |
33 |
|
Sections: |
A, B, C, D, E |
CBSE Class 12th Accountancy Exam Pattern 2025
The CBSE Class 12th Accountancy Exam Pattern 2025 consists of a theoretical exam worth 80 marks and a practical paper worth 20 marks.
The theoretical exam is divided into three parts: Part A: Accounting for Partnership Firms and Companies, Part B: Financial Statement Analysis, and Part C: Computerized Accounting or Project Work. The practical paper includes a project file and viva voce.
CBSE Class 12th Accountancy Exam Pattern 2025 |
|
Exam Component |
Marks |
Theoretical Exam |
80 |
Part A: |
|
Accounting for Partnership Firms and Companies |
|
Unit 1: Accounting for Partnership Firms (36 marks) |
36 |
Unit 2: Accounting for Companies (24 marks) |
24 |
Part B: |
|
Financial Statement Analysis |
|
Unit 3: Analysis of Financial Statements (12 marks) |
12 |
Unit 4: Cash Flow Statement (8 marks) |
8 |
Part C: |
|
Computerized Accounting or Project Work |
|
Unit 4: Computerized Accounting (20 marks) |
20 |
Project File (12 marks) |
12 |
Viva Voce (8 marks) |
8 |
Practical Paper |
20 |
Total |
100 |
CBSE Class 12th Business Studies Exam Pattern 2025
Here is the CBSE Class 12th Business Studies Exam Pattern for 2025:
CBSE Class 12th Business Studies Exam Pattern 2025 |
|
Units |
Marks |
Part A: Principles and Functions of Management |
|
Nature and Significance of Management |
16 |
Planning, Organising |
16 |
Staffing, Directing, Controlling |
20 |
Part B: Business Finance and Marketing |
|
Financial Management, Financial Markets |
15 |
Marketing Management, Consumer Protection |
15 |
Project Work |
20 |
CBSE Class 12th Economics Exam Pattern 2025
The CBSE Class 12 Economics Exam Pattern for 2025 includes a total of 80 marks, with 80% allocated to theory and 20% to project work. The theory paper will have a duration of 3 hours, and the practical exams will also be 3 hours long.
CBSE Class 12th Economics Exam Pattern 2025 |
|
Aspect |
Marks Allocation |
Total Marks |
100 |
Theory Marks |
80 |
Practical/Project Work Marks |
20 |
Theory Duration |
3 hours |
Practical Exam Duration |
3 hours |
Theory Paper Breakdown: |
|
Part A: Macroeconomics |
40 |
|
|
Part B: Indian Economic Development |
40 |
|
|
Practical/Project Work Breakdown: |
|
Project Work |
20 |
CBSE Class 12th English Exam Pattern 2025
The CBSE Class 12th English Exam Pattern for 2025 includes a theoretical exam worth 80 marks and an internal assessment worth 20 marks. The exam consists of three sections: Reading, Writing, and Literature.
CBSE Class 12th English Exam Pattern 2025 |
|
Topics |
Marks |
Reading Skills |
20 |
Creative Writing Skills |
20 |
Literature Textbooks & Supplementary Reading Texts |
40 |
Assessment of Listening & Speaking Skills |
10 |
Internal assessment:
|
5 |
CBSE Class 12th Exam Pattern 202 FAQs
Q1. What is the duration of CBSE Class 12th exams in 2025?
Ans: The exams will last for 3 hours.
Q2. How many subjects can students choose to study in CBSE Class 12th 2025?
Ans: Students can choose to study either 5 or 6 subjects.
Q3. What is the passing percentage for each subject in CBSE Class 12th 2025?
Ans: To pass each subject, students need to achieve a minimum of 33%.
Q4. How are marks allocated for the Accountancy, Business Studies, and Economics subjects?
Ans: 80 marks are for theory, with an additional 20 marks for project work.
Q5. What percentage of marks do Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) contribute to the total marks?
Ans: MCQs contribute 20% of the total marks.