Important Electrostatics Formulas For JEE
Electrostatics Formulas for JEE: Electrostatics is an important chapter in JEE Physics syllabus. Many questions in JEE Mains and Advanced come from this topic. Understanding Electrostatics formulas for JEE helps students solve numerical and conceptual problems quickly. In fact, Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance alone have a JEE weightage of about 4.49% in the Physics JEE syllabus.
Knowing and practicing Electrostatics Formulas for JEE can help students solve problems faster and with better accuracy. This chapter deals with charges at rest and covers formulas like Coulomb’s law, electric field, potential, capacitance, and Gauss’s law.
If a student prepares a formula sheet and keeps revising it, then this chapter can give easy marks. That is why both JEE Mains and JEE Advanced ask questions from electrostatics. Solving questions using JEE electrostatics important formulas makes preparation strong and saves time in exams.
Electrostatics Formulas for JEE
Electrostatics is a part of physics which involves the study of charges at rest. In JEE, the questions are asked from JEE electrostatics important formulas, derivations and direct application of the same. So, the students have to prepare with the help of Electrostatics formulas for JEE mains and JEE advanced as both the exams test the accuracy and speed of students. Here, we will be studying each concept with its definition and formula. All the important formulas like Coulomb’s law formula for JEE, electric field formulas for JEE mains, potential and capacitance formulas JEE, Gauss law formula JEE, energy stored in capacitor JEE will be discussed.
Electrostatics is a fundamental branch of physics that deals with the study of electric charges at rest. It plays a crucial role in various engineering and science fields, and a strong understanding of electrostatics is essential for JEE (Joint Entrance Examination) aspirants. In this article, we will explore some of the most important electrostatics formulas that you should be familiar with to excel in your JEE preparations.
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JEE Electrostatics Important Formulas
Below is a clear list of Electrostatics formulas for JEE mains and advanced, along with their definitions.. These are part of the JEE physics electrostatics formulas list.
1. Coulomb's Law
Definition: Coulomb’s law states that the electrostatic force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Formula: F = k (q₁q₂) / r²
Where:
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F = Force between charges
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q₁ and q₂ = Point charges
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r = Distance between charges
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k = 9 × 10⁹ Nm²/C² (Coulomb’s constant)
This is Coulomb’s law formula for JEE, and it is often used in derivations and numerical problems.
2. Electric Field (E) Formula For JEE
Definition: The electric field at a point is the force experienced per unit positive charge placed at that point.
Formula: E = kq / r²
Where:
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E = Electric field
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q = Source charge
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r = Distance from the charge
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k = Coulomb’s constant
This is one of the most used electric field formulas for JEE mains.
3. Electric Potential (V)
Definition: Electric potential is defined as the work done in bringing a unit positive charge from infinity to a point in the field.
Formula: V = kq / r
Where:
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V = Electric potential
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q = Charge
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r = Distance from charge
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k = Coulomb’s constant
This is a very important part of the electrostatics class 12 formulas for JEE.
4. Electric Potential Energy (U)
Definition: Electric potential energy is the work done to assemble a system of charges. For two charges, it is the energy due to their separation.
Formula: U = k (q₁q₂) / r
Where:
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U = Potential energy
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q₁, q₂ = Charges
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r = Distance between charges
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k = Coulomb’s constant
This formula is common in electrostatics derivations for JEE.
5. Gauss's Law
Definition: Gauss’s law states that the total electric flux through a closed surface is equal to the charge enclosed divided by the permittivity of free space.
Formula: Φ = q / ε₀
Where:
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Φ = Electric flux
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q = Charge enclosed
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ε₀ = Permittivity of free space (8.85 × 10⁻¹² C²/Nm²)
This is the Gauss law formula JEE, and it helps solve complex electric field problems easily.
6. Capacitance (C)
Definition: Capacitance is the ability of a body to store charge per unit potential difference.
Formula: C = q / V
Where:
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C = Capacitance
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q = Charge
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V = Potential difference
This is part of the potential and capacitance formulas JEE.
7. Capacitance of a Parallel Plate Capacitor
Definition: For a parallel plate capacitor, the capacitance depends on plate area and separation distance.
Formula: C = ε₀A / d
Where:
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C = Capacitance
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ε₀ = Permittivity of free space
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A = Area of plates
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d = Distance between plates
This appears in many electrostatics equations for JEE preparation.
8. Energy Stored in a Capacitor (U)
Definition: When a capacitor is charged, it stores electrical energy in its electric field.
Formula: U = ½ CV²
Where:
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U = Energy stored
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C = Capacitance
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V = Potential difference
This is the energy stored in capacitor JEE formula, often asked in both theory and numericals.
9. Torque on a dipole placed in the electric field
Definition: A dipole placed in a uniform electric field experiences a torque, which tries to align it with the field.
Formula: τ = pE sinθ
Where:
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τ = Torque
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p = Dipole moment = q × 2l
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E = Electric field
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θ = Angle between p and E
This formula is common in JEE physics electrostatics formulas list.
10. Potential energy of a dipole
Definition: The potential energy of a dipole in an electric field depends on its orientation with respect to the field.
Formula: U = −pE cosθ
Where:
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U = Potential energy
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p = Dipole moment
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E = Electric field
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θ = Angle between dipole and electric field
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Importance of Electrostatics formula for JEE
Electrostatics is one of the most scoring chapters of the Physics JEE syllabus. Almost every year, direct and indirect questions are asked in this chapter. The formulas are crucial because many questions can be solved in a matter of seconds, provided the student remembers the right equation. Let us now take a look at why they are important:
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High JEE weightage: Electrostatics has good weightage in both JEE Mains as well as Advanced. In fact, only one subtopic, called Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance, has approximately 4.49% weightage, making it one of the most scoring topics of physics.
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Direct formula-based questions: There are many instances where the questions are straightforward and only require direct substitution of the values in a formula. For instance, Coulomb’s law or energy stored in a capacitor can be easily calculated and scored in the exam if the formula is memorized.
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Foundation for topics ahead: Electrostatics formulas are important not only for this chapter but also for other subsequent topics like Current Electricity, Magnetism and AC circuits.
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Saves time in the exam: Time management is very crucial in the JEE. Having a strong hold over JEE electrostatics important formulas will help aspirants solve numerical problems in a matter of seconds, thus giving them more time to attempt the more difficult problems.
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Helpful in derivations and theory: There are some questions that ask the students about concepts and derivations, like Gauss’s law or the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor. If the formula is known, the derivation or the concept becomes easier to answer step by step.
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Memory tool for revision: At the last stage of the exam preparation, a JEE physics electrostatics formulas list can act as a quick revision tool. Many students maintain a formula sheet or keep Electrostatics JEE notes PDF for last-minute revision before the day of the exam.
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Important Electrostatics Formulas For JEE FAQs
Q1. What is Coulomb’s law formula for JEE?
Ans. Coulomb’s law states F = k (q1 q2) / r², where F is force, q1 and q2 are charges, and r is distance.
Q2. What are the electric field formulas for JEE Mains?
Ans: E = k q / r² for a point charge, and Gauss’s law is used for continuous charge distributions.
Q3. What are the potential and capacitance formulas JEE aspirants must revise?
Ans: Potential V = k q / r and capacitance C = Q / V are key formulas.
Q4. What is Gauss's law formula JEE?
Ans: ΦE = q(enclosed) / ε0 is Gauss’s law formula.
Q5. What is the energy stored in a capacitor, JEE formula?
Ans: U = 1/2 C V² is the formula for energy stored in a capacitor.
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